Ion Propulsion in Deep Space: Enabling Multi-Target Exploration with NASA’s Dawn Mission

Abstract

NASA’s DAWN mission was a great mission which have been done in deep space mission. By using ion propulsion in mission to explore the asteroid belt between mars and Jupiter planet. Originally this mission was made for 11 years , it showed how xenon powered engine can support more duration in space mission. In this study, we explore how the DAWN mission can be redesigned to complete its goals within five years of life span. We look into improvement the propulsion system and overall mission design using technologies. Our key idea is replacing solar power with kilo power nuclear reactors, which can provide a steady and reliable energy source to generate ion population thrust. we also consider boosting the performance by increasing their accelerating voltages . Additionally, we explore the use of Bismuth as a fuel instead of use xenon to increase its efficiency in thrust, weight and power as well as cost too . This paper discuss about how these changes can make the improvements in the efficiency, and overall success in less life span. we also look at better trajectory planning methods to reduce time travel without losing scientific  values . as future concept , we have also suggested the next generation fuel as antimatter assist ion driven system which give more efficiency than all other fuels and even faster in space mission.