Comparative Analysis of Potassium Nitrate-Based Solid Propellant Rockets: Sucrose vs. Sorbitol

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of two strong propellant rocket fuels: potassium nitrate blended with sucrose (sugar) and potassium nitrate mixed with sorbitol. The primary objective of this study is to assess the performance, efficiency, and practicality of these propellant combinations through a series of static and dynamic tests. The research begins with the preparation and characterization of each propellant combination, ensuring consistency in composition and production procedures. The static tests involve measuring the thrust produced by each propellant using a precision gauge instrument, providing detailed thrust-time profiles. These profiles are then visualized through advanced 3D graphical representations generated using MATLAB software, highlighting variations in burn characteristics and thrust output over time. In addition to static tests, the study includes live rocket launches, which are designed and simulated using CREO software. Each propellant is tested in identical rocket designs to ensure a fair comparison. The altitude achieved by each rocket is meticulously measured and calculated using established aerodynamic and propulsion formulas, allowing for an accurate evaluation of real-world performance. The results section presents an in-depth analysis of the thrust and altitude data, comparing the two propellants in terms of maximum thrust, burn duration, and overall efficiency. The discussion explores the practical implications of the findings, considering factors such as fuel stability, ease of preparation, cost-effectiveness, and safety. Ultimately, this study aims to identify the superior propellant combination for small-scale solid propellant rockets, providing valuable insights for hobbyists, educators, and professionals in the field of amateur rocketry. The conclusions drawn from this research will guide future developments and optimizations in solid propellant technology, contributing to safer and more efficient rocket designs (Figure. 1).